The 10 Essentials and Hiking Safety

Whether you are heading out for a quick hike on a local trail, or planning a day-long trek to some distant peak, taking the proper items with you can mean the difference between an enjoyable outing and a miserable experience.  While there are many variations of the "10 Essentials", the items listed below are typically included in the backpacks of many experienced hikers.

Trail map of the area you plan to hike Compass - Many hikers now carry GPS units as well.  If you are among the high-tech trekkers, carry extra batteries as well. Sunglasses and Sunscreen - Even if the weather appears cool and cloudy when you start out, the conditions can quickly change. Extra Food and Water - Always bring more than you think you will need.  The American Hiking Society recommends 16 oz. of water per person per hour. Extra Clothing - The more layers you can pack, the better.  Avoid cotton fabrics as they retain moisture.  Poly-pro or synthetics are preferred. Headlamp/Flashlight - Although many hikers never anticipate being out past sunset, keeping a flashlight and spare batteries in your pack is a good idea. First Aid Kit - You never know when you might need to treat a minor injury on yourself, or your hiking companion. Matches/Fire Starter - Make sure the matches are weatherproof and are kept in a water tight container or baggie. Signaling device(s) - These may include a small pocket mirror and a whistle. Pocket Knife - This can come in handy for everything from building shelter to preparing food.

What to do if you get lost

If you should become lost or disoriented in the woods, there are a few simple things you can do to increase your chances of being located quickly:

Stop where you are.  Continuing to wonder around if you are lost will make it more difficult for others to find you. Do not panic.  Take a few deep breaths and understand that although you are lost, there are steps you can take to expedite being located. Try to minimize movement and conserve your warmth, especially in extreme conditions. If you do not have any water, try to locate some nearby. Be prepared for an air search.  Locate an open area nearby and be prepared to move there quickly if you hear aircraft approaching.  Wave some brightly colored clothing to get the attention of spotters. If at all possible, do not start a fire.  Doing so may cause a forest fire and put you at greater risk.  If you must start a fire for warmth, dig an appropriate fire pit surrounded by rocks and dirt, and never leave the fire unattended.

And always remember...never go hiking alone!